CST3607 Class Notes 2021-11-11

News & Tools

  • Greenshot is a light-weight screenshot software tool for Windows and macOS with the following key features:
    • Quickly create screenshots of a selected region, window or fullscreen.
    • Easily annotate, highlight or obfuscate parts of the screenshot.
    • Export the screenshot in various ways: save to file, send to printer, copy to clipboard, attach to e-mail, send Office programs or upload to photo sites like Flickr or Picasa, and others.

Exam 2

You must be able to correctly answer all of the Review Questions from each chapter.

This exam includes, but is not limited to, the following:

Cisco’s Internetworking Operating System (IOS)

  • Modes of Operation in Cisco IOS, how to get into each mode, and identify the CLI prompt for each mode.:
    • User EXEC (aka unprivileged mode)
    • Privileged EXEC
    • Global Configuration
    • Interface Configuration
  • Purpose and options of the Configuration Register
  • ROM Monitor (rommon)
  • What are the four types of memory used on a Cisco Router?
    • What information or files are stored in each type of memory?
  • What is the command to set an encrypted password using Cisco IOS?

Components of a Cisco Router and Switch, CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol)

Managing Cisco Devices

  • Define the Cisco router components.
    • Describe the functions of the bootstrap, POST, ROM monitor, mini-IOS, RAM, ROM, flash memory, NVRAM, and the configuration register.
  • What are the steps in the router boot sequence?
  • Managing the Configuration Register
  • Understanding the Configuration Register Bits
  • Checking the Current Configuration Register Value
  • Recovering Passwords
  • Interrupting the Router Boot Sequence
  • Changing the Configuration Register
  • Save the configuration from RAM to NVRAM

Chapter 5 IP Routing

  • Static routing
  • Dynamic routing
  • Distance Vector routing protocols
  • Link State routing protocols
  • Default Route
  • Default Gateway
  • Next Hop IP address (Neighbor router)
  • IP Routing Table
    • Prefix, Network Address, Next Hop IP address, Interface
    • Administrative distance
    • Metric
  • Maximum Hop Count (ScienceDirect.com)
    • RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
      • What is the maximum hop count for RIP?
    • IGRP (Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)
      • By default, what is the maximum hop count of IGRP-routed packets?
  • What are some Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP)?
  • What are some Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGP)?
  • Convergence on routers
  • Chapter 18: OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
  • OSI Reference Model
    • All seven layers, their functions, protocols, etc.
  • Subnetting
    • block size to determine the subnet increments. (265 – “interesting octet”)

Chapter 6 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

  • In OSPF, why is “Area Zero” a.k.a. backbone, important?

Describe How A Network Works

  • Describe the purpose and functions of various network devices.
  • Select the components required to meet a network specification.
  • Use the OSI reference model and its associated protocols to explain how data flows in a network.
  • Describe the purpose and basic operation of the protocols in the OSI reference model.
  • Determine the path between two hosts across a network.
  • Describe the components required for network and Internet communications.
  • Identify and correct common network problems at layers 1, 2, 3 and 7 using a layered model approach.
  • Differentiate between LAN/WAN operation and features.
  • Differentiate between IP addresses, MAC addresses, and at which phase and layer of the OSI Reference Model each type of address is used.

Diagnostics & Troubleshooting Commands

  • ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
  • Traceroute and how TTL is used with Traceroute.
    • e.g. Does the router evaluate TTL before or after decrementing TTL, to determine if the packet should be forwarded?
  • ping
  • ipconfig /all
  • tracert (on Windows) or traceroute (on Linux)
  • show ip interface brief
  • show ip route
  • show ip protocol
  • show controllers s0/0 (To determine if a serial interface is DCE or DTE)
  • version

Forwarding Techniques

Techniques used to make the size of the routing table manageable.

Delivery of a Packet

  • Direct Delivery
  • Indirect Delivery

Logical and Physical addressing during the forwarding process:

  • When a packet is destined for a different network, what address needs to be resolved by the source host?
    • Which protocol is used to resolve the address?
  • Autonomous System (AS)
  • Convergence (routing protocol)
  • Convergence (Switch) (Loop prevention)
  • Routing Tables
    • The minimum fields needed in a routing table:
      • (“Type” is not one of the minimum fields.)
  • Routing [within] an autonomous system
    • Which types/vectors of routing protocols are used for routing [within] an autonomous system?
    • Which routing protocols are used for routing [within] an autonomous system?
  • Routing [between] autonomous systems
    • Which types/vectors of routing protocols are used for routing [between] autonomous systems?
    • Which routing protocols are used for routing [between] autonomous systems?
  • Loop prevention in Routing Protocols

Chapter 7 Layer 2 Switching

  • Switching Services
  • Configuring Catalyst Switches

Chapter 8 VLANs and Inter-VLAN Routing

  • VLAN Basics
  • Identifying VLANs
  • Routing Between VLANs
  • Configuring VLANs

Chapter 9 Enhanced Switched Technologies

  • Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
  • Types of Spanning-Tree Protocols
  • Modifying and Verifying the Bridge ID
  • Spanning-Tree Failure Consequences
  • PortFast and BPDU Guard
  • EtherChannel

Read / Watch / Do

CCNA Certification Study Guide, Volume 2

  • Read Chapter 10: Access Lists
  • Do the Written Labs
  • Answer the Review Questions
    • Do not submit your answers for this chapter. The answers are in the Appendix.

Access-list – Practice Test

Better Focus and Efficient Studying When Not Multitasking