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| Cisco IOS Modes of Operation |
| Status, Settings, and Diagnostic Commands |
| Interface Configuration |
| Configure the RIP Routing Process |
| Configure the OSPF Routing Process |
| Configure DHCP Server |
| Switch: VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) |
| Network Simulators and Emulators |
| References |
| Computer Tips index |
The Cisco IOS software provides access to several different command modes. Each command mode provides a different group of related commands.
For security purposes, the Cisco IOS software provides two levels of access to commands: user and privileged. The unprivileged user mode is called user EXEC mode. The privileged mode is called privileged EXEC mode.
The following table describes some of the most commonly used modes, the resulting prompts, and how to enter these modes. The prompt helps you identify which mode you are in and, therefore, which commands are available to you.
| Mode of Operation | Prompt / Mode | How to Enter the Mode | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| User EXEC (aka unprivileged mode) | Router> | First level accessed | Change terminal settings on a temporary basis, perform basic tests, and list system information |
| Privileged EXEC | Router# | From user EXEC mode, enter enable | System administration, set operating parameters |
| Global Configuration | Router(config)# | From privileged EXEC, enter configure terminal | Modify configurations that affect the system as a whole |
| Interface Configuration | Router(config-if)# | From global config mode, enter: interface <interface type> <slot>/<interface #> |
Modify the operation of an interface. |
Note: The default Console/Serial/COM port settings are: 9600, 8, N, 1, none
| Prompt / Mode | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Router# | show running-config | Displays the current configuration of all parameters the router is currently using. |
| Router# | show interfaces | Displays the status of all interfaces, including if the interface is up or down and if its line protocol is up or down. Lots of details. |
| Router# | show ip interface brief | Displays just the IP address, and the status of each interface and its line protocol. (up or down) Check that the IP address of each interface is correct, and that "Status" and "Protocol" are both "up" for each enabled interface. |
| Router# | show ip route | Displays the routing table. Check that indirect routes are listed. Check that the mask and network address are correct for each "directly connected" interface. |
| Router# | show ip protocol | Shows the details of the enabled routing protocol service. Check that the proper number of "Type C" networks are listed, and that they have the correct values. |
| Router# | show controller | Displays the controller state that is specific to controller hardware. Generally useful for diagnostic tasks. |
| Router# | show controller serial 0/0 | Use to determine if a serial interface is DCE or DTE. e.g. DCE => DCE V.35, clock rate 9600 e.g. DTE => DTE V.35 TX and RX clocks detected |
| Router# | show ip arp | Displays the mapping of IP addresses to MAC addresses |
| Router# | show ip rip database [ip-address {mask}] | |
| Router(config)# | no ip domain-lookup | Stops the router from attempting to translate unfamiliar commands (typos) into IP addresses. |
| Prompt / Mode | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Router> | enable | |
| Router# | configure terminal | Enter Global Configuration mode |
| Router(config)# | interface <interface type> <slot>/<interface #> | Tell the device which interface to configure |
| Router(config-if)# | description "<text of description>" | e.g. description "Connection to 2621-B" |
| Router(config-if)# | ip address <ip address> <subnet mask> | Specify IP address and subnet mask for the interface |
| Router(config-if)# | no shutdown | Enable the interface |
| Router(config-if)# | exit or ctrl-z or end | Exit from interface config mode |
| Prompt / Mode | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Router> | enable | |
| Router# | configure terminal | Enter Global Configuration mode |
| Router(config)# | router rip | |
| Router(config-router)# | network <network address> | e.g. network 192.168.1.0 |
| Router(config-router)# | version 2 | Set to RIP v2. Default is v1. Note: RouteSim v6.0.0 has a bug in RIP v2 that adds invalid routes to the table. |
| Router(config-router)# | exit or ctrl-z or end |
| Prompt / Mode | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Router> | enable | |
| Router# | configure terminal | Enter Global Configuration mode |
| Router(config)# | router ospf <process- id> | Process-id: Internally used identification parameter for an OSPF routing process. It is locally assigned and can be any positive integer. A unique value is assigned for each OSPF routing process. |
| Router(config-router)# | network <network address> <wildcard mask> area <area #> | A 0 octet in the wildcard mask indicates that the corresponding octet in the network must match exactly. A 255 indicates that you don’t care what the corresponding octet is in the network number. |
| Router(config-router)# | router-id <IP or ID# as 4 octets) | e.g. router-id 1.1.1.1 |
| Router(config-router)# | exit |
| Prompt / Mode | Command | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
Router(config)# |
ip dhcp excluded-address <start IP> <end IP> |
Exclude a range of IP addresses to be assigned as static IP's. |
Router(config)# |
ip dhcp pool <poolname> |
Creates a name for the DHCP server address pool and places you in DHCP pool configuration mode (identified by the config-dhcp# prompt). |
Router(dhcp-config)# |
network <network address> <mask> |
Specifies the subnet network number and mask of the DHCP address pool. |
Router(dhcp-config)# |
default-router <Default Gateway IP> |
|
Router(dhcp-config)# |
lease <Days> <Hours> <Minutes> |
e.g. 7 days 1 hour 20 minutes: 7 1 20 |
| Router(config-dhcp)# | dns-server <address> [address2 ... address8] | Specifies the IP address of a DNS server that is available to a DHCP client. One IP address is required; however, you can specify up to eight IP addresses in one command line. |
| Router(config-dhcp)# | netbios-name-server <address> [address2 ... address8] | Specifies the NetBIOS WINS server that is available to a Microsoft DHCP client. One address is required; however, you can specify up to eight addresses in one command line. |
Router(dhcp-config)# |
end |
|
R1(config)#ipv6 dhcp pool PoolOne
R1(config-dhcpv6)#address prefix 2001:db8:1::/64
R1(config-dhcpv6)#dns-server 2001:db8:2::100
R1(config-dhcpv6)#domain-name SampleDomain.org
R1(config-dhcpv6)#exit
R1(config)#
Then configure the interface to join the multicast group and listen for DHCP requests
R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 dhcp server PoolOne
R1(config-if)#ipv6 nd managed-config-flag
(For router advertisements set the M bit to 1)
(nd = network discovery)
R1(config-if)#end
Check the DHCP configuration
R1#show ipv6 dhcp pool
DHCPv6 pool: PoolOne
Address allocation prefix: 2001:DB8:1::/64 valid 172800 preferred 86488 (0 in use, 0 conflicts)
DNS server: 2001:DB8:2::100
Doman name: SampleDomain.org
Active clients: 0
show client that received IP
R1#show ipv6 dhcp binding
Show Interface configuration
R1#show ipv6 int f0/0
R1#show ipv6 neighbors
| Prompt / Mode | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Switch# | configure terminal | Enter Global Configuration mode |
| Switch(config)# | vlan <number> | Create a VLAN |
| Switch(config-vlan)# | name <name/description> | Add a name or description to the VLAN. |
| Switch(config-vlan)# | exit | |
| Switch(config)# | interface <type> <mod/port> |
Enter the interface configuration mode. |
| Switch(config-if)# | switchport mode access | Configure the port mode. |
| Switch(config-if)# | switchport access <VLAN ID> | Enter the VLAN membership mode for the port. |
| Switch(config-if)# | end | |
| Switch# | show vlan | Verify the VLAN configuration. |
| Prompt / Mode | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Switch(config)# | interface fa0/24 | |
| Switch(config-if)# | switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q | |
| Switch(config-if)# | switchport mode trunk | |
| Switch(config-if)# | end | |
| Switch# | show interface trunk | verify your trunk port |
| Switch# | show interface Fa0/15 switchport | Verify the switchport configuration |
The Management VLAN interface, is a routed interface on every Cisco switch and is called interface VLAN 1.
| Prompt / Mode | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Switch(config)# | interface vlan 1 | |
| Switch(config-if)# | ip address 192.168.10.19 255.255.255.240 | |
| Switch(config-if)# | no shutdown |
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